January 17 ⇒Back
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1638 - ▲Shimabara Rebellion.
It is the insurgence by the largest-scale Christian uprising in the Japanese history. Amakusa Shiro enters Hara Castle. Insurgent peasants join Amakusa and take refuge in the castle.
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1888 - ▲(birth) "Joseph B. Keenan", American jurist and politician.
(US time January 17, 1888: Japan time January 18, 1888)
(Julian calendar) Janujary 7, 1888
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1904 - ◆Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard receives its premiere performance (Moscow).
(timeline)
The day is the 636th anniversary of the Mongol invasions of Japan (January 17, 1268 in the Japanese calendar).
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1927 - ★(death) Marcus Samuel, founder of the Shell Transport and Trading Company.
The compnay is a precursor to Royal Dutch Shell.
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1966 - ◆Palomares B-52 crash.
A B-52 bomber collides with a KC-135 Stratotanker over Spain, dropping three 70-kiloton nuclear bombs near the town of Palomares and another one into the sea.
The day is the 42nd birthday (taiyaku unlucky year) of Zimbabwean President Mugabe (January 17, 1924 in the Japanese calendar).
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1973 - ★The 1973 Constitution is ratified (Phillipines).
It is ratified in accordance with a presidential proclamation issued by President Ferdinand E. Marcos.
The new constitution changed the form of government from presidential to parliamentary and allowed Marcos to stay in power beyond 1973.
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1991 – ◆Gulf War: Operation Desert Storm begins early in the morning.
Iraq fires 8 Scud missiles into Israel in an unsuccessful bid to provoke Israeli retaliation.
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1991 – ◆Harald V becomes King of Norway on the death of his father, Olav V.
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1992 – ◆Japanese Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa apologizes for sexual slavery during WWII.
During a visit to South Korea, Miyazawa apologizes for forcing Korean women into sexual slavery during WWII.
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1994 – ◆1994 Northridge Earthquake: A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Northridge, California.
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1995 - ◆The Great Hanshin earthquake.
(Islamic calendar) August 15, 1415
A magnitude 7.3 earthquake hits near Kobe, Japan, causing extensive property damage and killing 6,434 people.
To attend the damp forces exerted on the bridge, the Akashi kaikyo Bridge has a pendulum system that operates at the resonance frequency. At the time of the earthquake, the bridge was under construction almost over the epicenter. In fact, the earthquake occurred at a good timing for testing the pendulum system. The tower structures experienced no structural damage. The only effect was the 1m relative movement of the towers and anchorage.
※ Korechika Anami, a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II, and War Minister at the surrender of Japan, preferring to die rather than see Japan surrender, committed seppuku at 5:30 a.m., on August 15, 1945. He should have died after a little more than 10 minutes. In fact, however, his suicide was a critical moment in the Japanese war history.
In 1995, the Japanese government maneuvered the earthquake in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the surrender of Japan. Because the surrender was a camouflaged surrender. World War II was a fake war, and the US forces had been secretly controlled by the Japanese military.
The earthquake was created on January 17, 1995 (August 15, 1415 in the Islamic calendar). And the first impact of the earthquake hit the Japanese archipelago at 5:46 a.m., which was arranged in accordance with the estimated last breath of General Anami.
Fortunately or unfortunately, Anami's suicidal seppuku was a fake performance. Naturally he didn't die. In addition, all the Japanese war criminals survived after the war though they were formally reported to have been executed by the allied forces.
The earthquake occurs on the one hundred thousand days anniversary of Robert Walpole's assumption of office as first British Prime Minister (April 3, 1721).
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2004 - ◆The Japanese Communist Party adopts a new platform. (timeline)
The day is the 100th anniversary of the premiere of Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard (January 17, 1904).
January 17 ⇒Back
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February 1, 1268 – ▲The Mongol empire sends an envoy to Japan. (timeline)
(Koki 1928)
The Mongol empire demands surrender, but Japan refuses.
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The description below is a common view on this incident though I believe that it is a fake story. Though envoys were sent to Japan several times, this date is a symbolic day in the Japanese history.
Mongol envoys arrive in Japan with a message from the Mongol ruler, Kublai Khan. In the past Japan was considered too small and out-of-the-way to be worried about on the Asian mainland. No one is sure why Kublai Khan decides to bother with Japan now. Perhaps it is because the Mongols are currently fighting the Song Dynasty in southern China, and the Japanese have good trade relations with the Song and might offer military help. In any case, the message politely suggests that friendly relations be established. It is also subtly insulting and it hints that war will occur if the Japanese refuse.
The Japanese at this time have two centres of power. The apparent ruler is the emperor, living in Kyoto. The real ruler is the military Regent Bakufu in Kamakura. The emperor is terrified. He has heard tales from the Song about Mongol atrocities and their military skill. But the Bakufu is insulted and defiant. The envoys are sent home without a reply, snubbing Kublai Khan’s offer. Both countries prepare for war.
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March 4, 1798 - ▲Yushima seido goes under the control of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Its name is changed to "Shoheizaka gakumonjo", literally meaning School at Shohei Slope.
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February 21, 1924 - ◆(birth) Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe.
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February 12, 1941 - ◆(birth) "Sara Nazarbayeva", the "First Lady of Kazakhstan".
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February 16, 1995 - ◆Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force submarine Michishio is laid down.
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February 9, 2001 - ◆Ehime Maru and USS Greeneville collision.
Greeneville accidentally strikes and sinks Ehime Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the Uwajima Fishery High School.
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